ʻIke paha ʻoe i ka logistic packaging a me nā ala kaʻa a me nā pono?
Huahana
ʻO Packaging kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā ipu, nā mea a me nā mea kōkua i hoʻohana ʻia e like me kekahi mau ʻano loea e pale aku ai i nā huahana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka mālama ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana, a hoʻolaha i nā kūʻai aku i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana. ʻO nā hana nui o ka packaging penei:
2. hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hanaʻO ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai i ke kaʻina logistics Packaging nā hōʻiliʻili huahana i nā hana logistics pili pono i ka hoʻouka ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana o nā kaʻa, ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā waiwai i loko o nā hale kūʻai, a me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana i nā kaʻa a me nā hale kūʻai.
1. Kāohi i nā waiwai mai ka pōʻino i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana
No ka laʻana: nā pōʻino i hana ʻia e ke kaiapuni kino e like me ka haʻalulu, ka hopena, ka puncture a me ka extrusion, a me ka hāʻule ʻana a me ka hoʻokahuli ʻana o nā papa, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana; pōʻino i ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe e like me ka radiation.
3. E hoʻouna i ka ʻike
Pono nā huahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e loaʻa ka ʻike e like me ka ʻike huahana, ka mea hana, ka inoa huahana, ka nui o loko, ka lā a me ka code ʻike, he mea nui loa i ka wā e loaʻa ai, koho a hōʻoia i ka waybill.
4. Hoʻolaha kūʻai
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke ʻano, ka mea, ka paʻi kala a me ka wehe ʻana o ka puka makani o ka pahu waho o ka huahana e hana i ka ʻeke i ka hana o ka nani, hoʻolaha i ka huahana a hoʻolaha i nā kūʻai.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻo ka hana nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pale i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana. No laila, he aha nā logistic a me nā ala lawe?
ʻO ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ka logistic ke ʻano, ke ʻano a me ke ʻano e hoʻopau ʻia ai ka lawe ʻana o nā mea kaʻa a me nā waiwai. E like me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka halihali, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano kaʻa like ʻole e kūpono i nā waiwai like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ka lawe ʻana i ka moana, ka lawe ʻana i ke kaʻaahi, ka lawe ʻana i ka ea, ka lawe ʻana i ke alanui, ka lawe ʻana i ka pipeline, ka lawe pahu pahu, a me ka halihali multimodal honua.
1. Ka lawe alanui.
ʻO kahi ala e lawe ai i nā waiwai a me nā mea kaʻa ma ke alanui me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā kaʻa, akā hoʻohana pū kekahi i nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe (e like me nā kānaka, nā kaʻa huki holoholona). ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ke alanui ka mea nui i ka wā pōkole, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka lawe wai, ka lōʻihi, ka nui o ka ukana a me nā kaʻa pōkole kahi e paʻakikī ai nā pono o ke kaʻaahi a me ka lawe wai.
I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa ma ka honua ma mua o 400 miliona. I ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa hou i ka honua, ʻo nā laina alaloa he 2/3, ma kahi o 20 miliona mau kilomita, a ʻo ka nui o ka ukana i hoʻopau ʻia e nā ala kaʻa kaʻa he 80% o ka nui o ka ukana. Ma kahi o 10% o ka huli ʻana o nā waiwai. I kekahi mau ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka nui o ka ukana a me ka huli ʻana o ke kaʻa kaʻa alanui i waena o nā mea maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano kaʻa like ʻole, a ua lilo ka halihali alanui i mea nui a koʻikoʻi.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka lawe ʻana i ke alanui he maʻalahi ka maʻalahi, ka manawa hana alanui pōkole, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kālā, maʻalahi e hoʻololi i nā kūlana kūloko, ʻaʻole koi nā keʻena hoʻokipa.Hiki ke lawe 'ia ka halihali "puka a i ka puka", mai ka puka o ka mea lawe a hiki i ka puka o ka mea hookipa, me ka lawe ole ia mai a me ka lawelawe pinepine ana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka halihali alanui ma ke ʻano he mea e pili ai me nā ʻano kaʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka radius hoʻokele waiwai o ke kaʻa kaʻa alanui ma loko o 200 mau kilomita. Akā, aia kekahi mau palena o ka halihali alanui: ʻo ka ukana liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole kūpono no ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā ukana kaumaha, nā waiwai nui, ʻaʻole kūpono no ka halihali lōʻihi; ʻO ka haʻalulu o ke kaʻa i ka hana nui, he mea maʻalahi ke kumu o ka pōʻino o nā waiwai a me nā ʻokoʻa waiwai. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o ka halihali ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai a me ke kaʻaahi.
2. Ke kaʻa ʻana ma ke kaʻaahi.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻaahi kaʻaahi no ka lawe ʻana i nā ohua a me nā waiwai. ʻO ka lawe kaʻaahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa i ka lōʻihi a me ka nui o ka ukana, ʻo ia ke ʻano nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka halihali pahu. ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana kaʻa kaʻaahi he nui nā mea, a hoʻokō lākou i kekahi i kekahi. Me ka ʻole o nā ʻōnaehana kūpono, ʻaʻole e holo mālie nā kaʻaahi. Ma nā wahi ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka wai, ʻaneʻane nā moku nui a pau ma ke kaʻaahi.
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia e nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ka nui o ka ukana nui, haʻahaʻa nā kumukūʻai lawe. ʻO ka hemahema nui ka maʻalahi o ka maʻalahi, hiki ke hoʻokō wale i ka halihali ma ka laina paʻa, pono e hui pū me nā ala ʻē aʻe o ka halihali a me ka pilina. Me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka Internet of Things era, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka halihali kaʻaahi i nā manawa hoʻomohala hou. Hiki i ka noi ʻana o ka ʻenehana Internet of Things i ke kaʻa kaʻaahi i ko mākou ʻāina ke hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili o ka locomotive a me ke kūlana holo kaʻa, e like me ka helu locomotive, helu kaʻa, kūlana, kūlana, kahi a me ka manawa hōʻea, a ʻike i ka ʻike o ka locomotive a me ka kaʻa a waiwai i ka manawa maoli. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mileage o ke kaʻaahi ma mua o 200 mau kilomita.
3. Ka lawe wai.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ke ala wai ke ʻano nui o ka halihali ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i ka pahu, ka mea nui e pili ana i ka nui a me ka halihali logistics lōʻihi. Ma uka a me kahakai, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ma ke ʻano he ala liʻiliʻi o ka lawe ʻana e hoʻokō a hoʻohui i nā hana lawe pahu nui. ʻO ka halihali wai he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa ma Kina, ma hope o nā makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua lilo ko mākou ʻāina i ka mana wai koʻikoʻi loa o ka honua, hōʻike ka ʻikepili i ka makahiki 2020, ʻo 2020 ka lawe ʻana o ke awa o Kina he 14.55 biliona tons, ʻo ka pahu pahu puka o 260. miliona teu, port cargo throughput and container throughput is the first in the world.
ʻO ka pono nui o ka lawe wai he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻokō i ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ka leo nui, ka halihali lōʻihi. ʻO ka halihali wai a me nā ʻano kaʻa ʻē aʻe e hoʻohālikelike ai, ʻokoʻa loa kona mau hiʻohiʻona, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai i nā kaʻina hana hoʻoholo nui e like me ka peaking carbon a me ka neutrality carbon. Akā ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻo ka nui o ka wikiwiki o ka lawe ʻana, ma ke awa, ka pae wai, ke kau, ke aniau, no laila ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka halihali no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka makahiki.
ʻEhā ʻano o ka lawe wai:
(1) Ka lawe ʻana i kahakai. He ala ia e hoʻohana ai i nā moku no ka lawe ʻana i nā ohua a me nā waiwai ma nā ala wai kahakai kokoke i ka ʻāina nui. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia nā moku liʻiliʻi.
(2) Ka lawe ʻana i waho. He ʻano kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia ai nā moku no ka lawe ʻana i nā mea holo a me nā waiwai ma nā ala moana o nā ʻāina pili i ka ʻāina nui. Ma muli o ka laulā, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā moku liʻiliʻi.
(3) Ka halihali moana. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā moku ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka moana kahi ʻano halihali lōʻihi, e hilinaʻi nui ana i ka nui o nā moku nui.
(4) Ka lawe ʻana i ka muliwai uka. He ala ia o ka lawe ʻana ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā moku ma nā ala wai o nā muliwai, nā muliwai, nā loko a me nā muliwai i loko o ka ʻāina, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā moku waena a me nā moku liʻiliʻi.
4. Ka lawe ʻana i ka ea.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana ma ka mokulele a i ʻole nā mokulele ʻē aʻe. He kiʻekiʻe loa ke kumukūʻai o ka lawe lewa. No laila, ʻelua ʻano waiwai kūpono no ka lawe ʻana. ʻO kekahi o nā waiwai me ka waiwai kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika o ka halihali ukana, e like me nā ʻāpana o nā lako waiwai a me nā huahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe nā mea i makemake koke ʻia, e like me nā mea kōkua pōʻino a me nā mea hoʻopakele.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka halihali ea ʻo ia ka wikiwiki a ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia e ka ʻāina. He mea koʻikoʻi nui ia no ka mea hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka holo ʻana i ka ea ma nā wahi hiki ʻole ke hele ʻia e ke kaʻaahi a i ʻole kaʻa.
5. ʻO ka halihali multimodal honua
ʻO ka halihali multimodal no ka pōkole, hana ʻia a hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke kumu o ka lawe pahu. E pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā ukana ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua mau ʻano kaʻa kaʻa e ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa multimodal mai ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāina i kahi i koho ʻia ma kahi ʻāina ʻē aʻe e like me ka multimodal transport contract. He kūpono ka halihali multimodal honua no ka wai, ke alanui, ke kaʻaahi a me ka ea. I ke kālepa honua, ʻoiai ʻo 85% ~ 90% o nā waiwai i hoʻopau ʻia e ke kai, noho ka halihali moana i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka halihali multimodal honua.
ʻO ke kaʻina kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻopau ʻia e nā ʻano kaʻahele ʻelua e kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka hui pū ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo multimodal transport i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO kahi lele mai Shanghai a JOHANNESBURG, ʻApelika Hema, no ka laʻana, e holo ma ke kai - mai Shanghai a DURBAN a laila ma ka ʻāina - mai Durban a Johannesburg. He multimodal kēia. Akā, ʻo ka halihali multimodal i ke ʻano o ke kālepa honua, ʻaʻole pono e loaʻa kahi manaʻo like ʻole, akā pono e loaʻa i ka "multimodal bill of lading" - ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻaelike "multimodal transport".
ʻOiai ʻo kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea maʻamau a mākou e hana ai, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka bila o ka moana ma kahi o ka "multimodal bill of lading". No laila, ʻoiai aia ka multimodal transport, ʻaʻole kūpono ia i ka wehewehe ʻana o "multimodal transport".
ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi:
1. Ke kuleana hui a me nā kaʻina hana maʻalahi;
2. E mālama i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai o ka halihali;
3. E ho'ēmi i nā loulou waena, e hoʻopōkole i ka manawa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka halihali;
4. Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ʻoihana kaʻa a me ka halihali kūpono;
5, hiki ke hoʻokō i ka halihali puka-i-puka;
E like me ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana, ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā pahu pahu lawe kaʻa e pili ana i nā loina aʻe: ʻO ka mea mua, pono ia e hoʻokō i nā kūlana kūloko a me ka honua; ʻO ka lua, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻaʻole pono nā pahu pahu i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻeha i ka poʻe a me ka lehulehu, a loaʻa iā ia ka pale kino kūpono no nā huahana a me ka pale wela i ka wā o ke kaʻina holo holoʻokoʻa. Pono e hōʻoia i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā huahana i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa ʻaʻole ia he transshipment hewa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-16-2022
